FUNCTIONAL LAB TESTING
At Embodied Medicine, we collaborate with International Labs to offer our patients the most advanced tests, to reveal the root cause of their symptoms, detect asymptomatic underlying dysfunctions before disease manifests and to corroborate optimal function in those healthy patients who only require a well-being check up.
When it comes to lab testing, it is important to understand that Conventional and Functional Medicine have different approaches and this is going to be reflected in the biomarkers we order and the way we interpret results. While the Conventional Medicine approach is geared towards identifying pathology and focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of an stablished disease, the Functional Medicine approach focusses on preventing the establishment of diseases and creating a fertile terrain for health, well-being and longevity. The Functional Medicine approach therefore, focusses on addressing the underlying dysfunctions before they get to a pathological state of diagnosable disease.
In Functional Medicine we know that diseases don't develop overnight but are the end product of a long term dysfunction of the body systems that hasn’t been detected and addressed in time. This is the reason why symptoms, which arise to communicate the underlying dysfunction, typically begin earlier before a disease is established and can be diagnosed through conventional medical tests. This is why so many patients are evaluated as “Normal or Healthy” by their conventional health providers despite being experiencing ongoing symptoms. Just because someone does not have an identifiable, diagnosable disease, does not mean that they are healthy and functioning optimally.
The significant advantage that Functional Medicine provides is that, through its approach and advanced diagnostic tools, it enables us to detect dysfunction and address it before a disease is established. And, in those cases where the disease has already established, Functional Medicine aims to identify the underlying dysfunction (the root cause) to reverse the disease from its origin and prevent future relapses.
As we integrate both approaches, the Functional and the Conventional, we can interpret conventional labs provided by our patients and we do it through the lens of Functional Medicine looking for optimal ranges to ensure we can detect imbalances in our patient’s physiology even if they are not at a diagnosable state of Disease. These optimal ranges have been extrapolated from healthy population instead of the sick. We truly believe that, if we are aiming for health and well-being, we need to “compare” ourselves with our most optimal references.
Often times, ordering a more extended conventional lab test and reading it through the lens of Functional Medicine is enough to help our patients but, in some cases, we need to request Functional Lab Tests that provide us with a wider range of biomarkers, allowing us to reveal the deepest root causes of imbalance. These tests offer the advantage of being suitable for collection at home, diminishing any stress that patients, especially children, experience at sampling.
The Functional Labs we order more often in our practice are the following:
1. Comprehensive Stool Test:
Sample: Stool
In Functional Medicine, we believe that the health of the entire body is dependent on a healthy gut and gut microbiome and, extensive research associates an imbalanced gut microbiome with multiple disease, both within and outside of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the digestive system is usually the starting point when evaluating a patient’s Health status.
Gastrointestinal Stool Profiles are advanced stool tests that provide immediate and actionable clinical information for the management of, not only gastrointestinal health, but overall health. Using cutting-edge technologies and biomarkers, these profiles offer valuable insight into digestive function, the presence of intestinal inflammation and the status of the intestinal microbiome.
Comprehensive Stool Tests can reveal important information about the root cause of many common gastrointestinal symptoms and even extra-gastrointestinal conditions including:
Gas, Bloating, Indigestion and reflux
Abdominal pain, Diarrhea and Constipation
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Atopic dermatitis, Eczema and Allergies
Autoimmune diseases
Mood disorders, anxiety , Insomnia and Depression
Joint aches
Diabetes and Weight issues.
The biomarkers on the stool test reflect the 3 key functions of gut health:
Digestion and Absortion: It looks at the different levels of enzymes and tells us how the breakdown and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins and fats is happening.
Inflammation/ Inmunology: It evaluates the involvement of the inflammatory response from the gut mucosa, through measuring different markers of inflammation such as Calprotectin, Secretory IgA, Eosinophil Protein X, Lactoferin, Lysozime, Zonulin (useful to diagnose Intestinal Permeability), among other markers.
Gut Microbiome: It demonstrates the composition, abundance and patterns of gut organisms, showing us the breakdown of:
Healthy Commensal Bacteria
Pathological Microbes such as Bacteria, Yeast, Fungi and Parasites, measured through culture and PCR which increases sensitivity at diagnosing infections. All pathological growth is tested for both synthetic and natural antibiotic sensitivities.
Click here to see a Comprehensive Stool Test sample:
2. Adrenal Stress Profile:
Sample: Saliva
At Embodied Medicine we believe that having a resilient and regulated Nervous System is necessary in order to create changes in our bodies and in the way we live. Having a dysregulated Nervous System is one of the deepest root causes of chronic disease and the most frequent health blocker.
We evaluate the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis in our patients to know their resilience and capacity to tolerate the therapeutic interventions, so we can create a personalized roadmap to health that respects their unique needs and pace. We are aware that the edge in between creating more resiliency so we can move towards healing, and creating more burden over stressing the body, is too delicate and unique to each patient.
Having a healthy HPA axis is essential for thyroid and sexual hormone production and function so evaluating the HPA axis is also the starting point when assessing for thyroid and sexual hormone imbalance.
The Adrenal Stress Profile is a useful tool to assess the Stress Response and Resiliency. It provides an assessment of the HPA axis, using carefully timed salivary samples of the hormones cortisol and DHEA. The report offers an easy-to-interpret graphic which plots the results of the natural diurnal rhythm (image above).
Which patients might benefit the most from HPA axis testing?
HPA axis dysfunction is associated with many conditions including but not limited to:
Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
Gastrointestinal and Immune Dysfunction
Depression, Anxiety, Insomnia, mood swings
Chronic fatigue
Weight gain, thyroid and sexual hormones dysfunction.
Persistent pain, Neurodegenerative disease and cognitive decline.
What do we measure with an Adrenal Stress Profile?
Four cortisol samples measured throughout the day give insight into the natural circadian diurnal cortisol rhythm, and help patients address specific daily stressors.
DHEA which is the precursor of Cortisol, sexual and thyroid hormones
Ratio of DHEA to cortisol is calculated to provide insight into anabolic/catabolic balance.
Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) is a transient, immediate rise in cortisol upon awakening and is distinct from the diurnal rhythm. CAR reflects a person's ability to cope with anticipated challenges and their perception of control around chronic stress, providing insight into HPA axis resiliency.
Salivary secretory IgA (sIgA): reflects immune function.
Adrenal Stress Profile testing can reveal these HPA axis imbalances and provide direction for clinical intervention with targeted therapeutic treatments such as nutrient support, adaptogens, stress management, behavioral modification and lifestyle interventions.
Click here to see an Adrenal Stress Profile sample:
3. Hair Tissue Mineral Analysis:
Sample: Hair
The Hair Tissue Mineral Analysis (HTMA) is a reliable and cost efficient tool to evaluate mineral, nutrient and toxic status. It uses a small amount of hair to gives us roughly 3-4 months’ worth of cumulative data about what the body is being exposed to and eliminating, as well as the status of specific nutrient elements.
Minerals are vital to health, they are the body’s “spark plugs”, they activate reactions in the body and they are cofactors or helpers for every single metabolic reaction in the body. Minerals are essential and foundational for our health, they are needed to make hormones, detoxify toxins, make digestive juices and for creating energy from the food we eat. Without a proper mineral balance, metabolism starts to slow down, dysfunction in all metabolic reactions starts to happen and symptoms arise.
Why are we so depleted in minerals nowadays?
There are so many reasons for this but the main ones are stress, depletion in our food, inadequate supplementation and digestive dysfunction. Minerals are essential for the stress response and, unfortunately, most humans are highly exposed to many stressors which leads to constant compensation from our body to keep us safe, meaning we are using more minerals than ever before. The quality of our food is also no longer what it used to be, the Earth is depleted due to abusive agriculture practices and so are all the foods we are receiving from it. The prevalence of Digestive issues is also creeping up which means that our ability to break down food and absorbe its nutrients, is becoming impaired. Many people are also supplementing with just a few minerals without having in consideration that minerals are synergistic and antagonistic, which means that supplementing with one mineral alone can lead to depletions in other minerals. And this is not to talk about food restriction and dieting which is also a huge cause of mineral imbalance, especially in women.
What are the advantages of analyzing hair when it comes to assessing our mineral and toxic status?
Hair is essentially an excretory tissue rather than a functional one. Toxic elements, for instance, may be 200 to 300 times more highly concentrated in hair than in blood or urine, which makes this tissue of choice for detection of recent exposure to toxic elements and for assessing active detoxification of past intoxications.
When it comes to minerals, through hair analysis we can measure intracelular levels of minerals that have been actively used by the body for the last 3 months, while blood and urine analysis measure mineral status at that moment in time, looking at the extracellular space which doesn’t reflect properly what is happening inside the cells.
When we combine HTMA together with urine and blood testing, we can have an even better understanding of mineral and toxic status.
What are the most common symptoms related to Mineral Imbalance?
Fatigue, lack of vitality, hormonal imbalances including Premenstrual Syndrome, Dysmenorrhea (period pain) Thyroid dysfunction, Insulin resistance and cortisol issues, are the most common symptoms.
HTMA results can give us insight into our:
Digestion
Blood sugar balance
Heavy metal toxicity
Inflammation
Thyroid function
Stress response
And metabolic type
Click here to see a HMTA sample:
4. Organic Acids Test:
Sample: Urine with optional add-on bloodspot finger stick and buccal swab for a wider assessment.
The Organic Acids Test (OAT) provides a comprehensive nutritional and metabolic snapshot of an individual’s overall health and is one of the easiests and most efficient ways to evaluate the nutritional and metabolic status of a patient. There are many OAT tests in the market but the ones we usually order measure over 125 parameters, including 76 organic acids, from one easy to collect urine sample.
Organic acids are products of the body’s metabolic pathways. Evaluation of these downstream metabolites from various metabolic pathways, provides insight into important areas related to gut health, nutritional status including macronutrient breakdown, mitochondrial function, neurotransmitter status, and capacity to detoxify. It also offers us the opportunity to measure toxic elements such as heavy metals in urine. This makes organic acid testing a valuable tool to assess the functional need for essential nutrients, diet modification, antioxidant protection, detoxification support, and other targeted therapies.
The OAT provides useful information about how well an individual’s metabolic pathways are functioning. Revealed imbalances may provide guidance around the underlying contributors to both, symptoms and disease states, with improvement of associated symptoms and overall health when clinically addressed.
One of the biggest advantages of OAT testing is that provides an accurate recommendation of the exact doses of specific nutrients needed to support the body, considering the unique metabolic condition and needs of each patient. This allows us to be accurate and cost efficient in our supplement recommendations.
What symptoms and conditions are more often associated with nutritional deficiencies and other metabolic imbalances?
Mood disorders including Anxiety, Insomnia, Depression, Autism Spectrum Disorders, ADHD and other Neurological Disorders.
Obesity, Insulin resistance, Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease and other Metabolic Disorders.
Digestive Disorders, Gastrointestinal dysbiosis, Maldigestion and Malabsorption.
Fatigue, Fibromialgia, recovering from physical or emotional trauma.
Malnutrition, Weight Issues and need for Dietary Guidance.
Need for optimizing health and Athletic Performance.
The OAT test report reflects detailed information about:
Intestinal Microbial Overgrowth markers evaluate for candida activity, clostridia bacteria toxins, potential mold exposure and other imbalances in the gut microflora.
Mitochondrial Function and Metabolic Efficiency which reflects our body’s ability to create energy from glucose, amino acids and fats.
Nutritional Markers provide insight into the sufficiency of essential Vitamins, Folates, Antioxidants and metabolic pathway co-factors.
Oxalate Metabolites provide insight into oxalate levels being generated by organisms within the system or via dietary contributions.
Neurotransmitter Metabolites to evaluate neurotransmitter status.
Detoxification and the presence of oxidative stress via markers of glutathione sufficiency and methylation. Measurement of toxic elements in urine is also possible as an add-on to this test.
Amino Acid Metabolites reflect levels of essential and non essential amino acids and may suggest functional nutrient need or be reflective of genetic metabolic dysfunction.
Click here to see an OAT sample:
5. Dutch Test:
Sample: Urine
The DUTCH Test is an advanced hormone test that takes hormone testing to a whole new level. It offers the most extensive profile of sex and adrenal hormones along with their metabolites, the overall diurnal pattern of free cortisol, in addition to OATs which, as described above, provides insight into Nutritional Deficiencies, Oxidative Stress, Gut Dysbiosis, Neuroinflammation and more.
We use this valuable tool to optimize hormone health and address hormone-related symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, and mood swings in both, women (see female profile on the left graphic above) and men (see male profile on the right graphic above). It is also a good tool for baseline measurements of hormone levels and for Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) monitoring.
Click here to see a DUTCH test sample:
6. Mycotoxins Profile:
Sample: Urine
Mycotoxins profiles are comprehensive mycotoxin test that screen for up to sixteen mycotoxins and forty species of mould from a single urine sample.
Mycotoxins are toxins produced by mold and are among the most prevalent toxins in the environment. They can infest buildings, vehicles, and food, and invade the body through the Respiratory tract, the Digestive System, and also through the skin.
Mold colonizes the body, specifically the GUT and the sinuses, creating toxicity in the body and triggering a Chronic Inflammatory response Syndrome (CIRS) that has the potential to create dysfunction in all body systems. It is estimated that 25% of the global population carries genetic variations that make them more susceptible to become sick from Mold exposure.
Mold Toxicity is a real health concern, often missed by Conventional Medicine, that is at the root of many Chronic Diseases and conditions such as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Autoimmunity, Fibromyalgia, Cancer, Sinusitis, Asthma, Eczema, Immune & Gut dysfunction and all kind of Neurological and Psychiatric disorders including Autism and ADHD.
Mold Toxicity is prevalent, treatable and hugely misdiagnosed. Mold grows everywhere in the presence of dust and a humidity > 60% and infestations are usually not visible and they rarely smell. Genetically vulnerable patients can manifest symptoms even years after their exposure to Mold. Treatment of Mold Toxicity is effective and can revert many Chronic Conditions.
Mycotoxin profiles are the Gold Standard for diagnosing Mold Toxicity and for monitoring treatment response.